Knowing this bit of information, i went through my phone and updated all of my contacts with the "+1" in front.
When it came to the exit + country code options that was a little more difficult. Since there are so many different combinations of countries I cannot write them all down here but I have found a link that can help. The website that I've found most helpful for finding out all of these exit codes is Country Calling Codes and all you have to do is pop in the country you are calling from and to for the website to provide you with the numbers as well as instructions on how to dial. They will also provide you with the time and mobile codes for the country. If you are interested in visiting the site, you can follow the line here - Country Calling Codes.
Another helpful bit of information is provided on the Rogers' website for Canadian travellers:
Canadian Dialing Instructions
Local Call area code + 7 digit phone number
Long Distance Call 1 + area code + 7 digit phone number
Access Voicemail Press & hold 1. You may be asked to enter your 10 digit phone number and then your password
Call Display Works as normal
US Dialing Instructions
Local Call area code + 7 digit phone number
Long Distance Call 1 + area code + 7 digit phone number
Overseas Call 011 + country code + city code + phone number
Text Message area code + 7 digit wireless number
Access Voicemail Press & hold 1. You may be asked to enter your 10 digit phone number and then your password
Call Display Works as normal
International Dialing Instructions
Local Call local phone number
Long Distance Call (to Canada / USA) "+" [plus sign] + 1 + area code + 7 digit phone number (ex. +1-555-5551234)
Long Distance Call (outside Canada/USA) "+" [plus sign] + country code + phone number (ex. +033-1234)
Text Message "+" [plus sign] + country code + area code + 7 digit phone number (ex. +1-555-5551234)
Access Voicemail Press & hold 1. You may be asked to enter your 10 digit phone number and then your password
Call Display Not guaranteed to work
If be able to get the "+" [plus sign] you will have to press & hold the "0" button on your phone until the + symbol appears. If you save your contacts as "+" + "country code" then you will be able to dial them just by pressing on the contact instead of having to edit the number.